The Acer palmatum reaches heights of 6 to 10 m, often growing as an understory plant in shady woodlands. It may have multiple trunks joining close to the ground.

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 Its canopy often takes on a dome-like form, especially when mature. The leaves are 4–12 cm long.​

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Acer palmatum has been cultivated in Japan for centuries and in temperate areas around the world since the 1800s. The first specimen of the tree reached Britain in 1820.

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They are a popular choice for bonsai enthusiasts and have long been a subject in art.

​Numerous cultivars are popular in Europe and North America, with red-leafed favored, followed by cascading green shrubs with deeply dissected leaves.

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Preparations from the branches and leaves are used as a treatment in traditional Chinese medicine.